In addition to the massive JR rail network, Japan also has local, privately owned rail networks that provide access to sightseeing areas and the suburbs. If you want to travel on these trains, you’ll need to buy a ticket rather than using your Japan Rail Pass.
We found some great videos on how to use the coin or note operated ticket machines that you’ll find at these Japanese stations. The videos also explain the pricing you’ll see on the signage. Enjoy!